Sivame ukuzwa ngabantu abane-dyslexia abahlakaniphe kakhulu, futhi ezinye izincwadi ezithandwa kakhulu kungenzeka zisizile ekusabalaliseni umbono wokuthi ubuhlakani obuphezulu buvame kakhulu kumongo wokuphazamiseka kokufunda okuthile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kubukwa kususelwa kuma-anecdotes kunedatha eqinisekisiwe. Lingakanani iqiniso lapho?
Lona ngumbuzo uToffanini azame ukuwuphendula[1] nozakwabo eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngocwaningo lwabo.
Batholani?
Ngaphambi kokudlulela emiphumeleni, indawo kufanelekile: njengoba sekuchaziwe kwezinye izimo (ngokwesibonelo ku-athikili ku- Amaphrofayli we-WISC-IV kuma-DSA), kubantu abacishe babe ngama-50% abanokukhubazeka okuthile ekufundeni i-IQ ayichazeki ngenxa yokungafani okukhulu phakathi kwama-indices ahlukahlukene, ikakhulu ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwenkumbulo yokusebenza ngamazwi. Kulezi zimo sisebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-Inkomba ejwayelekile yamakhono (iqoqo lezikolo eziphathelene nokuhlolwa kokucabanga ngomlomo nangokubuka, ngaphandle kwememori yokusebenza ngomlomo kanye nokuhlolwa kwejubane lokucubungula); le nqubo ibuye ithethelelwe ngezifundo ezithile ezigqamisa ukuhlangana okuphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwale nkomba ne-IQ[2], yize amaphuzu wokugcina eqagela kakhulu empumelelweni kwezemfundo nakwezemfundo kunamanye amapharamitha atholakala ku-WISC-IV[1], leso isivivinyo esisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhloleni kwengqondo (kulokhu, kungasiza ukufunda i- indatshana edlule).
Ngakho-ke, kusukela ekucabangeni ukuthi esimweni sokukhubazeka kokufunda okuthile (i-SLD) kufaneleke kakhulu ukukala ileveli yengqondo ngokusebenzisaInkomba ejwayelekile yamakhono (esikhundleni se-IQ), ababhali balolu cwaningo babefuna ukubona ukuthi kukangakanani, phakathi kwabantu abane-ASD, ubuhlakani obuhambisana nokuhlukaniswa kokunikezwa okungaphezulu.
Masiqhubekele kokukhulu - okuthakazelisa kakhulu - imiphumela evela kulolu cwaningo:
- Kusetshenziswa i-IQ, kuphela abantu abangu-0,71% abane-SLD abanesipho esedlulele, ngenkathi kubantu abaningi lesi silinganiso singu-1,82% (okusho kusampula yokulinganisa ye-WISC-IV).
Ngakho-ke, ngokulinganisa izinga lobuhlakani nge-IQ, kungabonakala ukuthi phakathi kwabantu abanokukhubazeka okuthile ekufundeni kunabantu abangaphansi kwengxenye yabanikwe izipho kunalabo abanye abantu.
- Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma sisebenzisa i-General Skill Index (esiyibonile njengesilinganiso esinokwethenjelwa ngokwengeziwe sezinga lokuqonda ngokukhubazeka okuthile kokufunda), kuvela ukuthi labo abanokukhubazeka okuthile ekufundeni bangaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kunalokho kubantu abaningi, lokho kungu-3,75%.
Yize ngokuqapha okufanelekile (akucaci ukuthi isampuli yabantu abasetshenziswe kulolu cwaningo lukhethwe kanjani), imininingwane ibonakala iphakamisa ukuba khona okuphawuleka kakhulu kwabantu abanesiphiwo esikhulu phakathi kwabantu abane-ASD uma kuqhathaniswa kwenzekani phakathi kwabantu abanentuthuko ejwayelekile.
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe kufanele lukhanyise ngezimbangela ezingaba khona zalesi simo.
Ungahle uthande:
- Ithonya le-IQ ekusebenzeni kwezifundo: kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikole
- Ngabe izinga lemfundo linomthelela ezingeni lezemfundo?
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuphezulu okungahle kube khona kanye nokufunda okuthile
- I-ADHD ne-IQ. Iziphi izici ezithinta ukusebenza kwesikole?
- Ubudlelwano phakathi kobuciko, ubuhlakani nemisebenzi ephezulu
- I-ADHD ku-plus-endowment
- Amaphrofayili wobuhlakani nge-WISC-IV ezinkingeni ezithile zokufunda
Bibliografia
- URowe, EW, Kingsley, JM, & Thompson, DF (2010). Ikhono lokubikezela le-General Ability Index (i-GAI) ngokuqhathanisa ne-Full Scale IQ phakathi kokudluliswa okunesiphiwo. ISchool Psychology njalo ngekota, 25(2), i-119.
- UScott, KA (2006). Ingabe i-GAI iyifomu elihle elifushane le-WISC-IV?.
- UToffalini, E., Pezzuti, L., noCornoldi, C. (2017). I-Einstein ne-dyslexia: Ngabe iziphiwo zivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezinenkinga ethile yokufunda kunezingane ezisakhula? Intelligence, 62, I-175-179.
